A New Redshift Interpretation

A nonhomogeneous universe with vacuum energy, but without spacetime expansion, is utilized together with gravitational and Doppler redshifts as the basis for proposing a new interpretation of the Hubble relation and the 2.7K Cosmic Blackbody Radiation. Hans-Dieter Radecke recently noted that modern cosmology’s dependence on “interpretations of interpretations of observations” means that “We should not to fall victim to cosmological hubris, but stay open for any surprise.” We now report what seems a major surprise—namely, the discovery of a New Redshift Interpretation (NRI) of the Hubble redshift relation and 2.7K Cosmic Blackbody Radiation (CBR) without assuming either the FriedmannLemaitre wavelength expansion hypothesis or the Cosmological Principle, the latter being long acknowledged as the “...one great uncertainty that hangs like a dark cloud over the standard model.” Whereas the standard model and the NRI both interpret nearby galactic redshifts as Doppler shifts, they differ significantly in their interpretation of distant redshifts. This difference can be traced to two fundamentally different views of the universe. The standard